Name of leader Francisco Mujica Garmendia
Nom de Guerre Pakito
Organization Euskadi ta Askatasuna (ETA)
English Translation Basque Homeland and Freedom
Conflict country Spain
Gender Male
Year of birth 1954[1]
Place of birth Ordizia, Spain[2]
Year of death N/A
Deceased
No; he has not died.
Birth order
His birth order is unknown.
Age at start of rebel leadership
In 1987, he became the leader at age 33.[3]
Leader entry method
He was designated/ appointed.[4]
Powersharing
No; there is no evidence of powersharing.
Education (also name universities attended, if any); note any relevant experiences while a student
His educational background is unknown.
Ever married? If yes, age of first marriage
There is no evidence he is married.
Children
There is no evidence he has children.
Religious identification
He was Catholic.[5]
Family background
His family background is unknown.
Political affiliations and intellectual circles; note any relevant social connections made
No; there is no evidence of political affiliations.
Physical and mental health
No; there is no evidence of poor physical or mental health.
Pre-militant leader occupation
He was an activist. He joined ETA immediately after completing education.[6]
Experience in a state military, and role; any relevant social ties
No; there is no evidence of experience in a state military.
Experience in a nonstate military, and role; any relevant social ties
Yes; Garmendia led small militant efforts.
Combat experience prior to assuming resistance organization leadership?
Yes; he was active in the ETA, took part in Operation Ogre and in 1975 was in charge of the primary military actions.
Held government position prior to assuming leadership?
No; he did not hold a governmental position.
Lived in exile?
Yes, he gained political refugee status in France, before being expelled from there.[7]
Study abroad?
No; there is no evidence he studied abroad.
Did the leader receive military training abroad?
No; there is no evidence he received military training abroad.
Did the leader have extensive work experience abroad?
No; there is no evidence he had extensive work experience abroad.
Serve time in prison? Social connections during that time?
No; he did not serve time prior to becoming leader; later, in 2003, Spain sentenced him to prison for 2,354 years for his role in an attack on the barracks of Zaragoza.[8]
Was there an assassination attempt on the leader by the state?
No; there is no evidence of an assassination attempt by the state.
Cause of Death?
N/A
Primary language, and other languages spoken as adult
He spoke Basque and Spanish.
Image Credit: https://e00-elmundo.uecdn.es/elmundo/imagenes/2005/12/04/1133696000_extras_ladillos_1_0.jpg
[1] Robert P. Clark, The Basque Insurgents: ETA, 1952-1980 (Madison: The University of Wisconsin, 1984), 215.
[2] Robert P. Clark, The Basque Insurgents: ETA, 1952-1980 (Madison: The University of Wisconsin, 1984), 215.
[3] Francisco Mugica Garmendia," Aivit, October 25, 2013, Accessed January 16, 2017, http://www.aivit.org/327/.
[4] Francisco Mugica Garmendia," Aivit, October 25, 2013, Accessed January 16, 2017, http://www.aivit.org/327/.
[5] "Basques," Encyclopedia of World Cultures, Accessed January 29, 2017, http://www.encyclopedia.com/places/spain-portugal-italy-greece-and-balkans/spanish-and-portuguese-political-geography/basques.
[6] Robert P. Clark, The Basque Insurgents: ETA, 1952-1980 (Madison: The University of Wisconsin, 1984), 215.
[7] Robert P. Clark, The Basque Insurgents: ETA, 1952-1980 (Madison: The University of Wisconsin, 1984), 215.
[8] "'Pakito' y 'Fitipaldi', condenados a 2.354 aos por el atentado contra la casa cuartel de Zaragoza” [ 'Pakito' and 'Fittipaldi' sentenced to 2,354 years for the attack on the barracks of Zaragoza], elmundo.es , June 3, 2003, Accessed February 06, 2017, http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2003/06/02/espana/1054569404.html.
